Radiator for internal-combustion engines



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G. C. FARRIS RADIATOR FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. v. 1912s V2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented June 8, 1926.

UNITED STATES GROVER C. FARRIS, 0F NORFOLK, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNR TOCLIFTON R. ANDERSON, 0F v PATENT oFFicr'zE.

.OCEAN VIEW, VIRGINIA.

RADIATOR ron INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGiNEs. i

Application filed February This invention relates to radiators for in? vteriial combustion engines and proposes a novel core construction which is designedto improve the structural characteristics 'of the radiator as well as to enhance its efficiency as a heat dissipatiiig unit. l

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of water tubes arranged in adjacency and formed to encompass the maX- imuiii amount of air at the forwardfend of the radiator and to deflect it `against the in' as the air becomes warmer so that the thick#l ness of the film of circulating liquid to be cooled is direct-ly proportioned at any point to the rate of heat exchange.

A further object of the invention is the-A provision of a core comprising vertical tubes each extendingin a widthV direction sub!v stantially the full thickness of the core, the front of said tubebeing formed as an edge in order to oppose minimum resistance to the air and to vpermit a maximum quantity of air topass through said radiator, the walls of said'tube toward the rear being corrugated to provide for expansion should the cooling liquid therein contained become frozen.v

A still further object of the invention isil the relative arrangement of adjacent tubes to forni an air conduit diverging from an intermediate point both forwardly and rearwardly and having the rear walls thereof provided with mea-ns for deflecting thev current of air flowing through said ,conduit in a zigzag direction from one side to the other to ensure complete' and continuous renewal of the air along the surfaces of said tubes.

With the above and other objects in view,

my invention consists in the improved ra-vv 7, 1923. serial No. 617,595.l i

Vas will be robvious to those skilled in the,v

art to which my invention relates.

- Inthe drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, and ,l

wherein the preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated: Y

Figure l is a front elevationwofV my im proved radiator.

Figure 2 is' across section ofa portion thereof, on an enlarged scale', taken along the line 2-2 of Figure V1.

Figure 3 is a side sectional view taken along tlieline 3*-3 of Figure l.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a p0rtion of one of the tubes and the spacers associated therewith.

Referring now in detail to the several ligures, the numerals l and 2 represent,l respectively, the upper and lower headers ofthe radiator, thefformer beingatank of considerable capacity, as shown in Figure 3. Conduits 4 and 5 lead respectively, from the upper and lower headers' of the radiator to the cylinder jacket of the internal combustion engine, not shown. The upper header is providedwth a filling opening 6, and an overflow pipe 7 originates iny said opening and passes in a water-tight'manner through an aperture in the header 1, as shown at 8, and downwardly closely adjacent the rearface of thecore, the lower end of said overiiow pipe terminating below the radiator. The features thus far enumerated are conventional and, in themselves form part of the'present invention only broadly in combination with the structurenow tobe described. The upper and lowerheaders are joined to the opposite ends of aseries of vertical tubes 10, with which they are in communication. These tubes are soldered to the adjacent faces `of the upper and lower edge'frll and rear edge 12, with an inter' mediate portionwhich is widest in cross section at a point adjacent the front of the tube as shown atgl. That portion of the n'alls of said tube which lies forwardly of the widest part 13 is smooth whilethat por# Vtion to the rear of the widest part is formed The tubes are with Vertical corrugations. arrangedv` in paifallelisrnbetween thel upperL and lower headers, as shown inFigiirelQ; from which figure it will be noted that the rear vportions of the'tubesar'e disposed anguiar-ly to the forward portions so that air sarily forin'ed, the saine" being preferably entering 'between adjacentr tubes 'longitud nally of the direction of inotion of the Vehicle upon which the r-adiatoris Inou'nted, isY

deflected inwardly toward the median line of the radiator andy is concentrated'upon'an f internal combustion engine located behind The tubes on' opposite sides saidV radiator. of a verticalplane passing through the longi? tudinal center the radiator incline toward each other so that a central'space`l4isnecesfilled in by a tube 15 of lesswidththanl the fthe/r tube. The rear4v portions kof the' tubes l0 are forined withcorrugated'walls16.

Each ofitlie spaces/17 'which lies between adjacent tiibes't'akev a shapev wliielis incident to theA sha ,e of the tubes, being widest:

atV the frf'iii'tI of the radiator and converging to a narrow p'assaglwhi'cliyhes adjacentfthe' widestfpart of@ the t`iibes,fi"o1n which point` theA space`V again widens as i't approaches. the rear; of the radiator.. i Y

The' wedgelke fronts"ofthetnb'espernnt a venirne et' tti-tte ente-i the tadiatefwhiehf is"substantially'ofthe' saineareaf-ae the front face' ofthe radiator'- tse'li: Thiea'ri-isdi- 'reete'd into' narrow" streams' or great velocity"Y at the" pointjwher'e the air' spaces '17 are'najrrwe'st, and then passe'stc'the rear ngacl countsv of the constriction of' the jets` of` air at tlienarrow'est v*parts o'f the spacsbetwee adjacent tubest'he velocity of said" jets will be greater in the midst of the air currents" passing" rearwardly between: thed tubes', than auyacent the' surfacesfof the Irearward 'pjor'i tions. Thisv ordinarilywould1 perin'it'- filins3 of' undisturbed' air` to reside' closely adjacent the" Walls ofthe ijearwjardlportins of' the* tubes 10. One off the'v objects" in cor# rugating the'wallsoty the tubes'ist'c pro;

providefor the expansion of the tubes" out! injuring" thein, should the circulating liquid Within 'Clie radiatolf beCine-iO/Z'i norlder" to" give rigidity V to the" c'ore'of V theI radiator 'the tubes" are' 'braced at their" sides-by spacing. ele'nient's 18" (Fig. 4), the

Y side edges of which? are' shaped to fit the' f side walls of the tubes 10.

By this construction of core it will be observed that thek Widest parts of the water tubes 10 are arranged as closely asV practicable to the front of said tubes in order than those' partent the tutes:y which containv 1o the'greater Volume of Vcooling' fiuidrinay receive the Agreatest cooling effect, while the tubes*narrowI graduallyt'oward the rear as the cooling draft increases in temperature, the rate ofhe'at' exchange thus being pre- 75 served uniform through.' the lextent of the` tube; Byk pro'y'idingk single tubes'ins'tead of a plurality of" conduits extendingfin banks lin'r al width direction thev skin friction withinv said' tubes i's'reducedto niiniinui'n which il@ prevents" the radiator becoming' materially lessfeiiicient through" age, due'tbfdepos'its on the "Walle thereet ony aet'ennt" er sluggish inov'enient of the' circulating fluid. More# oVer,r the? shape' of" the tubes'i's such asto 85 reduce' head1 resistance' of thek incoming ein, wliicli'is aV factor 'offiniport'anc'e pa'rticularly when the radiator is used in' aer'on'alutic*in'- stallations', and; the general' 'assemblage ofl parte forms a strcngand rigid structural' 25 unit. l Itis obvious that the' speetc details' et' construction andVA configurationl of"v parte" def scribed' herein maybe modified' in various ways without sacriflciiig`-the' a'dyantagesof 95 the invention or" departing froin the lscope'- thereof' as defined in the appendedI claims". n

I-Iav'ing described Iny invention what; I? clainias'new andi desire to secure by Letters Patent', is' l n l; A" radiator including a core comprising a series-of Ywatertubes forining walls'l for' ai series 'of alternating" air spaces, the'A walls" of adjacentV tubes' flaring' forwardly and re'arwardly from an'interinediate'pointand being 105 corrugated rearwarl'dlyv of said: intermediate point. I y. j

2; A radiator including. av core' comprising' a` series ofwater tubes foriningwalls for' ajI series' of alternating. air spaces', the'wt'tllsofv 110 adjacent tubes flaring for'ixa-rdly and' rear`- wlardly froin anV intermediate 'point' andbeing" corrugated; rearwardly-1 of said: point transversely of' the-A direction' of" tlie draft enter-` ing saidradiator. y I

3. radiator including' a" ,cor'e comprising;` a series of iwater tubesforming wallsfbr.' a' series of alternating spaces, the wallsof adjacent tubes flaring fbrwardlyifiin an intermediate point,y tliegforward parts of"` 120 said tubes" lyingL longitudinally off the direction' of draft entering' saidfradiatori" and" the" rear parts beingsincli'ned'with? respect tosaid' direction.

4;. Af. radiator4 including a" core conip'rign- 125 0 ai series of water tjubes' forming walls for; series o'fI alternating air spaces, said walls" flaring forwardly and rearwardly frontiY an intermediate' point, the forward partsof adjacent-walls lying symmetrically with r'e# 130 spect to vertical planes parallel to the direction of draft entering said radiator and the rear parts being assymmetric to said Planes.

5. A radiator including a core comprising a series of water tubes forming walls for a series of alternating air spaces, the walls of adjacent tubes flaring forwardly and rearwardly from an intermediate point, the forward parts of said tubes lying longitudinally of the direction of draft entering said radiator and the rear parts on one side of the core being convergently inclined with respect to .the rear parts on the other side thereof, said tubes being corrugated rearwardly of said intermediate point.

6. A radiator including a core comprising a series of water tubes forming walls for a series of alternating air spaces, the walls of adjacent tubes flaring forwardly and rearwardly from an intermediate point, the forward parts of said tubes lying longitudinally of the direction of draft entering said radiator and the rear part-s being inwardly inclined thereto, said tubes being corrugated rearwardly of said intermediate point transversely vof the said radiator.

7. A radiator includinga core comprising a series of water tubes forming `walls for a series of alternating air spaces, the wallsof adjacent tubes flaring forwardly and rearwardly from an intermediate point which lies relatively close to the front face of the radiator, the forward parts ofL said Vtubes lying longitudinally of .the direction of draft entering said radiator andthe rear parts on `one side'of the core being convergently inclined with respect to the rear parts on the other side thereof.

8. A water tube for radiators comprising a hollow body having the cross sectional shape of a double wedge, the apices being directed respectively forwardly and rearwardly, the widest part of said tube being relatively close to the forward apex, said tube being corrugated lrearwardly of its widest part.

a In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

Gnovnn o. FARRIs.

path of the draft Vthrough 

